Enabling Horizontal Collaboration in Logistics through Secure Multi-Party Computation

The road transport sector is currently facing significant challenges, due in part to CO2 emissions, high fuel prices, and a shortage of staff. These issues are partially caused by more than 40% of truck journeys being “empty runs” in some member states of the European Union and heavy under-utilization of deck space for non-empty runs. In order to overcome said inefficiency, this paper proposes a decentralized platform to facilitate collaborative transport networks (CTNs), i.e., to enable horizontal collaboration to increase load factors and reduce costs and CO2 emissions. Our solution leverages secure multi-party computation (MPC) to guarantee that no sensitive business information is leaked to competing hauliers. The system optimizes truck assignments by modeling logistics as a weighted graph that considers orders and truck capacities while maintaining strict confidentiality. Our approach addresses key barriers to CTN adoption, such as lack of trust and data privacy. Implemented using MPyC without extensive optimizations, we demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness in increasing the average load factor, while achieving acceptable running times (in the order of hours) for arguably meaningful instance sizes (up to 1000 orders). After leveraging a rather simplistic modeling inspired by previous work, we finally give an outlook of possible extensions toward more realistic models and estimate their impact on efficiency.