Harmonising Multi-Sites Measurement of Photovoltaic Systems: Comprehensive Framework for Real-Life Test Conditions in a Maltese Environment

The growing demand for renewable energy has accelerated the installation of photovoltaic (PV) systems. However, optimising the performance of existing systems is critical, especially in regions with challenging environmental conditions like Malta. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for harmonising multi-site PV measurements tailored to the Mediterranean climate. By utilising advanced sensor technology, real-time data acquisition, and open-source platforms, the framework ensures accurate monitoring of PV system performance across multiple sites. The sensors capture electrical, meteorological, and environmental data, which are transmitted and analysed to identify factors affecting system efficiency, such as temperature, humidity, and soiling. This study is driven by the PROMISE project, which introduces innovative solutions to enhance PV monitoring and reliability. The framework also integrates single-module monitoring for detailed technological insights, allowing comparisons across diverse sites in Europe. Preliminary results highlight the framework's capacity to enhance PV system efficiency, scalability, and real-time performance analysis, addressing both plant-level and module-specific challenges. The use of open, interoperable systems enables future expansion and adaptation. This paper outlines the objectives, methodology, and initial findings, positioning this framework as a key tool for advancing PV performance monitoring in regions facing similar environmental conditions.