Mixed reality technologies for training rescue workers for emer- gency care in crisis and disaster situations

In real-world crisis and disaster situations, effective training for civilian and military medical personnel is essential for delivering optimal care under stress. Traditional simulation exercises are limited by high costs, logistical
challenges, and the inability to provide personalized training or repeated scenarios. Mixed reality (MR) technologies offer a promising solution, providing more immersive and adaptable training experiences. This paper presents a flexible MR training system for emergency care. The system integrates real-world physical elements with
virtual scenarios, enabling trainees to interact with both simulated injuries and hazards while maintaining haptic
feedback. The system allows trainers to control the scenario dynamically and adjust stressors to prepare trainees for high-pressure situations. Evaluations showed positive feedback from both trainers and trainees, highlighting the system’s potential in creating complex, realistic training contexts. However, challenges such as sensor accuracy and the need for multiplayer options were identified. Future developments will focus on enhancing
tracking precision, adding more complex disaster scenarios, and improving team-based training.