TY - JOUR
T1 - Vascular function in hypertension
T2 - does gender dimension matter?
AU - Bruno, Rosa-Maria
AU - Varbiro, Szabolcs
AU - Pucci, Giacomo
AU - Nemcsik, Janos
AU - Lønnebakken, Mai Tone
AU - Kublickiene, Karolina
AU - Schluchter, Helena
AU - Park, Chloe
AU - Mozos, Ioana
AU - Guala, Andrea
AU - Hametner, Bernhard
AU - Seeland, Ute
AU - Boutouyrie, Pierre
N1 - © 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
PY - 2023/8
Y1 - 2023/8
N2 - Blood pressure and vascular ageing trajectories differ between men and women. These differences develop due to sex-related factors, attributable to sex chromosomes or sex hormones, and due to gender-related factors, mainly related to different sociocultural behaviors. The present review summarizes the relevant facts regarding gender-related differences in vascular function in hypertension. Among sex-related factors, endogenous 17ss-estradiol plays a key role in protecting pre-menopausal women from vascular ageing. However, as vascular ageing (preceding and inducing hypertension) has a steeper increase in women than in men starting already from the third decade, it is likely that gender-related factors play a prominent role, especially in the young. Among gender-related factors, psychological stress (including that one related to gender-based violence and discrimination), depression, some psychological traits, but also low socioeconomic status, are more common in women than men, and their impact on vascular ageing is likely to be greater in women. Men, on the contrary, are more exposed to the vascular adverse consequences of alcohol consumption, as well as of social deprivation, while "toxic masculinity" traits may result in lower adherence to lifestyle and preventive strategies. Unhealthy diet habits are more prevalent in men and smoking is equally prevalent in the two sexes, but have a disproportional negative effect on women's vascular health. In conclusion, given the major and complex role of gender-related factors in driving vascular alterations and blood pressure patterns, gender dimension should be systematically integrated into future research on vascular function and hypertension and to tailor cardiovascular prevention strategies.
AB - Blood pressure and vascular ageing trajectories differ between men and women. These differences develop due to sex-related factors, attributable to sex chromosomes or sex hormones, and due to gender-related factors, mainly related to different sociocultural behaviors. The present review summarizes the relevant facts regarding gender-related differences in vascular function in hypertension. Among sex-related factors, endogenous 17ss-estradiol plays a key role in protecting pre-menopausal women from vascular ageing. However, as vascular ageing (preceding and inducing hypertension) has a steeper increase in women than in men starting already from the third decade, it is likely that gender-related factors play a prominent role, especially in the young. Among gender-related factors, psychological stress (including that one related to gender-based violence and discrimination), depression, some psychological traits, but also low socioeconomic status, are more common in women than men, and their impact on vascular ageing is likely to be greater in women. Men, on the contrary, are more exposed to the vascular adverse consequences of alcohol consumption, as well as of social deprivation, while "toxic masculinity" traits may result in lower adherence to lifestyle and preventive strategies. Unhealthy diet habits are more prevalent in men and smoking is equally prevalent in the two sexes, but have a disproportional negative effect on women's vascular health. In conclusion, given the major and complex role of gender-related factors in driving vascular alterations and blood pressure patterns, gender dimension should be systematically integrated into future research on vascular function and hypertension and to tailor cardiovascular prevention strategies.
KW - Target organ damage
KW - Left-ventricular hypertrophy
KW - Increased arterial stiffness
KW - Obstructive sleep-apnea
KW - Oral-contraceptive use
KW - Pulse-wave velocity
KW - Blood-pressure
KW - Alcohol-consumption
KW - Endothelial function
KW - Sex-differences
UR - https://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=ait_230127_woslite_expandedapikey&SrcAuth=WosAPI&KeyUT=WOS:000969040500001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS
UR - https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/9c166fc9-eef4-3db0-998b-fd2ebcd18d8f/
U2 - 10.1038/s41371-023-00826-w
DO - 10.1038/s41371-023-00826-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 37061653
SN - 0950-9240
VL - 37
SP - 634
EP - 643
JO - Journal of Human Hypertension
JF - Journal of Human Hypertension
IS - 8
ER -